Preparatory Exercise – i.e. mouthpiece buzzing, leadpipe buzzing, flapping the lips to promote bloodflow, etc. 1-3 minutes Airflow/Long Tone Exercise – Focus on consistency and purity of tone, connecting the notes, hitting the center of the pitch right away. Use a tuner. Examples: Cichowicz airflow studies, standard long tones, Schlossberg #6, Arban initial exercises, Vizzuti long tone exercises 2-15 minutes Technical Studies/Scales – Focus on moving the fingers